ISTA测试系列

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ISTA把测试程序分为一下几类：

1系列：

完全不模拟运输完整性的性能测试

对包装件的保护强度进行测试。并不模拟真实的运输环境。是有用的揭露性实验，尤其是当测试包装损坏的临界点时。

2系列：

部分模拟的性能测试

在1系列的基础上增加至少一项的3系列测试项目，如增加气象条件。

3系列

一般模拟的性能测试

用于来模拟造成损坏的运动、力，条件以及运输环境中这些因素的顺序。使用于更多的运输环境，比如不同的运输工具类型和路径，不同的装卸条件。其特征是对于简单的包装件包含简单形式的随机振动，不同的跌落高度，或者是气象环境。

4系列：

加强模拟的性能测试

一般模拟至少包含一种集中模拟的项目，像测试的顺序或真实环境的条件等。4AB是该系列中最近提出的试用程序。4AB是基于网络的加强模拟测试计划，对所有ISTA成员免费。

5系列

集中模拟测试指导

是基于真实环境测试、观测损伤，在实验室创造一个最接近的模拟环境。5系列本身并不是一个测试程序，而是一个对用户建立集中模拟测试的指导。5B是本系列中迄今为止唯一含有对温度进行控制的指导。

6系列

会员的测试

是ISTA会员为满足自己需求而制定的测试程序。它们可能是原创，也可能是在ISTA的基础上进行了修改，也可能是使用程序或其它已发布或使用的测试程序。ISTA会对它们进行评审和支持，但发起的会员担负更大的责任。

7系列

用于改进的测试程序

这些测试用于改进包装件。可用于比较两个或更多的包装容器设计的相关性能，但不用来评估包装的保护程度。

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1 Series:
Non-Simulation Integrity Performance Tests.

Challenge the strength and robustness of the product and package combination. Not designed to simulate environmental occurrences. Useful as screening tests,particularly when used as a consistent benchmark over time.
2 Series:
Partial Simulation Performance Tests.
Tests with at least one element of 3 Series type General
Simulation performance tests, such as atmospheric conditioning or mode-shaped random vibration, in addition to basic elements of a 1 Series type Non-Simulation Integrity test.
3 Series:
General Simulation Performance Tests.
Designed to provide a laboratory simulation of the general damage-producing motions, forces, conditions, and sequences of transport environments. Applicable across broad sets of circumstances, such as a variety of vehicle types and routes, or a varying number of handling exposures. Characteristics will include simple shaped random vibration, different drop heights applied to the sample package, and/or atmospheric conditioning.

4 Series:
Enhanced Simulation Performance Tests.
General Simulation tests with at least one element of Focused Simulation, such as test sequence or test conditions linked to actual known distribution. Project 4AB is currently the only protocol in this Series. 4AB is a web-based Enhanced Simulation Test Plan generator, with on-line access available at no charge to all ISTA members. Project 4AB closely ties the tests and sequence to a user-defined pattern of distribution, and includes a broad range of current and quantitative information on distribution environment hazards. See the Project 4AB section of the ISTA® website (www.ista.org) for more details.
5 Series:
Focused Simulation Guides.
Guides for the creation of laboratory simulations based on actual field-measured and observed hazards and levels. The 5-Series are not performance tests per se, but information and instructions related to establishment of user-defined Focused Simulation tests. Guide 5B for Temperature Controlled Packaging is currently the only document in this Series.
7 Series:
Development Tests.
These tests are used in the development of transport packages. They can be used to compare relative performance of two or more container designs, but are not intended to evaluate the protection afforded packaged-products.

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揭露性实验可以显示包装件在运输中的各种问题，一般是出现了哪些损伤。该实验的目的很明了，也能满足许多用户的需要。揭露性实验可以让用户放心，严重的损伤已经被减少到了最低。揭露性实验一般有以下特征：

测试时方便而且便宜。

被广泛的使用和接受。

使用简易设备。

提供了已知或未知的一些损伤形式。

没有必要模拟真实的运输损害。

可以通过增加产品或包装的强度减少损伤。

设计性实验则更加复杂。揭露性实验可以用于减少严重损伤，而设计性实验则要求能针对微小的、偶然的或非商业性损伤也进行包装保护。在理想的情况下，包装件试样应和运输中的产品实样完全一致。