国际结算专业词汇

puruoer

Back-to-Back Credit

A credit issued against the security back of another credit (master credit) on the understanding that reimbursement will stem from documents eventually presented under the first credit (master credit) issued - see Special DCs. It follows therefore that each side of a B/B transaction covers the shipment of the same goods.


Beneficiary

A payee or recipient, usually of money.

A party in whose favour a documentary credit is established, usually the exporter.


Bill for Collection (BC)

Document(s) or cheque submitted through a bank for collection of payment from the drawee.


Bill of Exchange (B/E)

An unconditional order in writing, addressed by one person to another, signed by the person giving it, requiring the person to whom it is addressed to pay on demand or at fixed or determinable future time a sum certain in money to or to the order of a specified person, or to bearer.


Bill of Lading (B/L)

A receipt for goods for shipment by sea. It is a Document of Title: see Documents.


　
Bill Receivable (BR)

Bills which are financed by the receiving branch, whether drawn under a DC or not, are treated as BRs by both the remitting branch and the receiving branches - see Bills Receivable.


Blank Endorsed

When a bill of lading is made out to order or shipper order and the shipper has signed on the back of it, it is said to be blank endorsed. The bill of lading then becomes a bearer instrument and the holder can present it to the shipping company to take delivery of the goods.
Acceptance

The act of giving a written undertaking on the face of a usance bill of exchange to pay a stated sum on the maturity date indicated by the drawee of the bill, (usually in exchange for documents of title to goods shipped on D/A terms) - see Collections Introduction.

Acceptance Credit

A documentary credit which requires the beneficiary to draw a usance bill for subsequent acceptance by the issuing bank or the advising bank or any other bank as the credit stipulates - see Documentary Credits.

Accommodation Bill

In the context of fraud, a bill drawn without a genuine underlying commercial transaction.

Accountee

Another name for the applicant/opener of a documentary credit i.e. the importer = the person for whose account the transaction is made.

Advice of Fate

The Collecting Bank informs the Remitting Bank of non- payment/non-acceptance or (for D/A bills) of acceptance and the bill maturity date - see Handling Import Collections.

Advising

Act of conveying the terms and conditions of a DC to the beneficiary. The advising bank is the issuing bank agent, usually located in the beneficiary country - see Export - DC Advising.

Advising also involves authentication i.e. advising bank should take reasonable care to check the apparent authenticity of the credit (ICC UCC 500 Art 7).

Amendment

Alteration to the terms of a DC; amendments must stem from the applicant, be issued and advised to the beneficiary; the beneficiary has the right to refuse an amendment if the credit is irrevocable - see Amendments to DCs.

Applicant

One who applies to his bank to issue a documentary credit; in the majority of credits issued the applicant is an importer of goods
　
Avalise

The act by a bank in guaranteeing payment of a bill of exchange or promissory note by endorsing the reverse with the words good per aval and signed by the bank, or by the issuance of a separate guarantee.