塑胶材料-ABS的特性(中英文版)

月如馨

ABS 丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物

典型应用范围:
汽车（仪表板，工具舱门，车轮盖，反光镜盒等），电冰箱，
大强度工具（头发烘干机，搅拌器，食品加工机，割草机等），电话机壳体，
打字机键盘，娱乐用车辆如高尔夫球手推车以及喷气式雪撬车等。
注塑模工艺条件:
干燥处理：ABS材料具有吸湿性，要求在加工之前进行干燥处理。建议干燥条件
为80~90C下最少干燥2小时。材料温度应保证小于0.1%。
熔化温度：210~280C；建议温度：245C。
模具温度：25…70C。（模具温度将影响塑件光洁度，温度较低则导致光洁度较低）。
注射压力：500~1000bar。
注射速度：中高速度。
化学和物理特性:
ABS是由丙烯腈、丁二烯和苯乙烯三种化学单体合成。每种单体都具有不同特性：
丙烯腈有高强度、热稳定性及化学稳定性；丁二烯具有坚韧性、抗冲击特性；
苯乙烯具有易加工、高光洁度及高强度。从形态上看，ABS是非结晶性材料。
三中单体的聚合产生了具有两相的三元共聚物，一个是苯乙烯-丙烯腈的连续相，
另一个是聚丁二烯橡胶分散相。ABS的特性主要取决于三种单体的比率以及两相
中的分子结构。这就可以在产品设计上具有很大的灵活性，并且由此产生了市场
上百种不同品质的ABS材料。这些不同品质的材料提供了不同的特性，例如从中等
到高等的抗冲击性，从低到高的光洁度和高温扭曲特性等。
ABS材料具有超强的易加工性，外观特性，低蠕变性和优异的尺寸稳定性以及很高
的抗冲击强度。
ABSGeneric ClassABS (Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene)
Typical ApplicationsAutomotive (instrument and interior trim panels, glove compartment doors, wheel covers, mirror housings, etc.), refrigerators, small appliance housings and power tools applications (hair dryers, blenders, food processors, lawnmowers, etc.), telephone housings, typewriter housings, typewriter keys, and recreational vehicles such as golf carts and jet skis.
Injection Molding Processing Conditions　

Drying	ABS resins are hygroscopic and drying is required prior to processing. Suggested drying conditions are 80 - 90 C (176 - 195 F) for a minimum of 2 hours. Resin moisture content should be less than 0.1%
Melt Temperature	200 - 280 C (392 - 536 F); Aim: 230 C (446 F)
Mold Temperature	25 - 80 C (77 - 176 F). (Mold temperatures control the gloss properties; lower mold temperatures produce lower gloss levels)
Resin Injection Pressure	500 - 1,000 bar (7,250 - 14,500 psi)
Injection Speed	Moderate - high

Chemical and Physical PropertiesABS is produced by a combination of three monomers: acrylonitrile, butadiene, and styrene. Each of the monomers impart different properties: hardness, chemical and heat resistance from acrylonitrile; processibility, gloss, and strength from styrene; and toughness and impact resistance from butadiene. Morphologically, ABS is an amorphous resin.
The polymerization of the three monomers produces a terpolymer which has two phases: a continuous phase of styrene-acrylonitrile (SAN) and a dispersed phase of polybutadiene rubber. The properties of ABS are affected by the ratios of the monomers and molecular structure of the two phases. This allows a good deal of flexibility in product design and consequently, there are hundreds of grades available in the market. Commercially available grades offer different characteristics such as medium to high impact, low to high surface gloss, and high heat distortion.
ABS offers superior processibility, appearance, low creep and excellent dimensional stability, and high impact strength.
Major ManufacturersDow Chemical (Magnum grades), GE Plastics (Cycolac), Bayer (Lustran), BASF (Terluran), Chi Mei (Polylac), LG Chemical (Lupos), Cheil Synthesis.

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